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Comment supprimer les accents dans MySQL?

Je viens de compiler une base de données de 1 million de noms de lieux. Je vais l'utiliser dans un widget de saisie semi-automatique pour rechercher des villes. Beaucoup de ces lieux ont des accents ... Je veux pouvoir trouver des enregistrements lorsqu'un utilisateur tape le nom sans accent. 

Pour ce faire, j'ai une deuxième colonne avec une copie non accentuée du nom. Beaucoup de ces enregistrements sont encore vierges, je souhaite donc écrire une requête pour les compléter. Est-ce possible dans MySQL? Si c'est le cas, comment?

mysqlutf-8diacritics
22
mpen

Si vous définissez un classement approprié pour la colonne, la valeur dans le champ se comparera naturellement à son équivalent non accentué naturellement.

mysql> SET NAMES 'utf8' COLLATE 'utf8_unicode_ci';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT 'é' = 'e';
+------------+
| 'é' = 'e' |
+------------+
|          1 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.05 sec)
26
Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams

J'ai eu le même problème, alors j'ai écrit une liste de requêtes basée sur un script PHP. Je dois supprimer les accents et créer des URL conviviales pour le référencement: 

Peut-être voudriez-vous ajouter d'autres caractères spéciaux, tels que les symboles $ ou £ ...

UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Š','S');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'š','s');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ð','Dj');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ž','Z');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ž','z');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'À','A');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Á','A');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Â','A');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ã','A');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ä','A');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Å','A');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Æ','A');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ç','C');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'È','E');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'É','E');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ê','E');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ë','E');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ì','I');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Í','I');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Î','I');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ï','I');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ñ','N');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ò','O');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ó','O');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ô','O');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Õ','O');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ö','O');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ø','O');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ù','U');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ú','U');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Û','U');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ü','U');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ý','Y');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Þ','B');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ß','Ss');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'à','a');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'á','a');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'â','a');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ã','a');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ä','a');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'å','a');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'æ','a');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ç','c');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'è','e');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'é','e');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ê','e');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ë','e');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ì','i');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'í','i');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'î','i');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ï','i');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ð','o');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ñ','n');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ò','o');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ó','o');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ô','o');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'õ','o');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ö','o');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ø','o');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ù','u');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ú','u');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'û','u');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ý','y');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ý','y');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'þ','b');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ÿ','y');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ƒ','f');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'.',' ');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,' ','-');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'--','-');

UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ě','e');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ž','z');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'š','s');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'č','c');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ř','r');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ď','d');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ť','t');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ň','n');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'ů','u');

UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ě','E');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ž','Z');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Š','S');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Č','C');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ř','R');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ď','D');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ť','T');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ň','N');
UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = REPLACE(COLUMN,'Ů','U');

UPDATE TABLE_NAME SET COLUMN = LOWER(COLUMN);
21
igasparetto

Je partage cela peut peut-être aider ....:

DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS `remove_accents`;

DELIMITER //
CREATE FUNCTION `remove_accents`(`str` TEXT)
    RETURNS text
    LANGUAGE SQL
    DETERMINISTIC
    NO SQL
    SQL SECURITY INVOKER
    COMMENT ''

BEGIN

    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Š','S');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'š','s');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ð','Dj');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ž','Z');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ž','z');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'À','A');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Á','A');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Â','A');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ã','A');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ä','A');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Å','A');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Æ','A');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ç','C');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'È','E');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'É','E');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ê','E');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ë','E');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ì','I');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Í','I');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Î','I');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ï','I');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ñ','N');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ò','O');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ó','O');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ô','O');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Õ','O');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ö','O');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ø','O');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ù','U');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ú','U');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Û','U');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ü','U');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Ý','Y');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'Þ','B');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ß','Ss');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'à','a');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'á','a');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'â','a');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ã','a');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ä','a');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'å','a');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'æ','a');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ç','c');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'è','e');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'é','e');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ê','e');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ë','e');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ì','i');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'í','i');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'î','i');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ï','i');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ð','o');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ñ','n');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ò','o');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ó','o');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ô','o');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'õ','o');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ö','o');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ø','o');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ù','u');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ú','u');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'û','u');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ý','y');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ý','y');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'þ','b');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ÿ','y');
    SET str = REPLACE(str,'ƒ','f');


    RETURN str;
END
//
DELIMITER ;
11
Abdel
drop function if exists fn_remove_accents;
delimiter |
create function fn_remove_accents( textvalue varchar(20000) )
returns varchar(20000)
begin

set @textvalue = textvalue;

-- ACCENTS
set @withaccents = 'ŠšŽžÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÑÒÓÔÕÖØÙÚÛÜÝŸÞàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïñòóôõöøùúûüýÿþƒ';
set @withoutaccents = 'SsZzAAAAAAACEEEEIIIINOOOOOOUUUUYYBaaaaaaaceeeeiiiinoooooouuuuyybf';
set @count = length(@withaccents);

while @count > 0 do
    set @textvalue = replace(@textvalue, substring(@withaccents, @count, 1), substring(@withoutaccents, @count, 1));
    set @count = @count - 1;
end while;

-- SPECIAL CHARS
set @special = '!@#$%¨&*()_+=§¹²³£¢¬"`´{[^~}]<,>.:;?/°ºª+*|\\''';
set @count = length(@special);
while @count > 0 do
    set @textvalue = replace(@textvalue, substring(@special, @count, 1), '');
    set @count = @count - 1;
end while;

return @textvalue;

end
|
9
user3245067

Voici une solution simple avec une seule requête: 

UPDATE `my_table` SET alias = lower(name),
alias = replace(alias,'Š','S'),
alias = replace(alias,'š','s'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ð','Dj'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ž','Z'),
alias = replace(alias,'ž','z'),
alias = replace(alias,'À','A'),
alias = replace(alias,'Á','A'),
alias = replace(alias,'Â','A'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ã','A'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ä','A'),
alias = replace(alias,'Å','A'),
alias = replace(alias,'Æ','A'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ç','C'),
alias = replace(alias,'È','E'),
alias = replace(alias,'É','E'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ê','E'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ë','E'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ì','I'),
alias = replace(alias,'Í','I'),
alias = replace(alias,'Î','I'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ï','I'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ñ','N'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ò','O'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ó','O'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ô','O'),
alias = replace(alias,'Õ','O'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ö','O'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ø','O'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ù','U'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ú','U'),
alias = replace(alias,'Û','U'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ü','U'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ý','Y'),  
alias = replace(alias,'š','s'),
alias = replace(alias,'Ð','Dj')
alias = replace(alias,'ž','z'),
alias = replace(alias,'Þ','B'),
alias = replace(alias,'ß','Ss'),
alias = replace(alias,'à','a'),
alias = replace(alias,'á','a'),
alias = replace(alias,'â','a'),
alias = replace(alias,'ã','a'),
alias = replace(alias,'ä','a'),
alias = replace(alias,'å','a'),
alias = replace(alias,'æ','a'),
alias = replace(alias,'ç','c'),
alias = replace(alias,'è','e'),
alias = replace(alias,'é','e'),
alias = replace(alias,'ê','e'),
alias = replace(alias,'ë','e'),
alias = replace(alias,'ì','i'),
alias = replace(alias,'í','i'),
alias = replace(alias,'î','i'),
alias = replace(alias,'ï','i'),
alias = replace(alias,'ð','o'),
alias = replace(alias,'ñ','n'),
alias = replace(alias,'ò','o'),
alias = replace(alias,'ó','o'),
alias = replace(alias,'ô','o'),
alias = replace(alias,'õ','o'),
alias = replace(alias,'ö','o'),
alias = replace(alias,'ø','o'),
alias = replace(alias,'ù','u'),
alias = replace(alias,'ú','u'),
alias = replace(alias,'û','u'),
alias = replace(alias,'ý','y'),
alias = replace(alias,'ý','y'),
alias = replace(alias,'þ','b'),
alias = replace(alias,'ÿ','y'),
alias = replace(alias,'ƒ','f'),
alias = replace(alias, 'œ', 'oe'),
alias = trim(alias);

Dans cet exemple:

  • 'ma_table' est le nom de la table,
  • 'nom' est le champ d'origine
  • "alias" est le nouveau champ

J'espère que ça aide !

Vous pouvez également vérifier cette variante si vous essayez de générer un champ slug avec mysql: Un moyen facile de générer une colonne de nom de slug à partir de la colonne de nom?

3
Erwan

Je me demande si la REGEXP_REPLACE(col, 'e', 'e') de MariaDB avec utf8_unicode_ci ferait toutes les es à la fois.

0
Rick James