web-dev-qa-db-fra.com

Reconstruire tous les index d'une base de données

J'ai une très grande base de données SQL Server 2008 R2 (1,5 To) et vais copier certaines données de colonne en colonne dans la même table. On m'a dit que le schéma comporte un grand nombre d'index et je me demandais s'il existait une requête ou un script par défaut qui reconstruirait tous les index. Ont-ils également été invités à mettre à jour les statistiques en même temps?

Chacune des 30 tables a un index en cluster et 13x index non en cluster

Merci.

42
ChrisD

Essayez le script suivant:

Exec sp_msforeachtable 'SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON; ALTER INDEX ALL ON ? REBUILD'
GO

Aussi

Je préfère (après une longue recherche) utiliser le script suivant, il contient @fillfactor détermine le pourcentage d'espace sur chaque page de niveau feuille rempli de données.

DECLARE @TableName VARCHAR(255)
DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(500)
DECLARE @fillfactor INT
SET @fillfactor = 80 
DECLARE TableCursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT '[' + OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME([object_id])+'].['+name+']' AS TableName
FROM sys.tables
OPEN TableCursor
FETCH NEXT FROM TableCursor INTO @TableName
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
SET @sql = 'ALTER INDEX ALL ON ' + @TableName + ' REBUILD WITH (FILLFACTOR = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(3),@fillfactor) + ')'
EXEC (@sql)
FETCH NEXT FROM TableCursor INTO @TableName
END
CLOSE TableCursor
DEALLOCATE TableCursor
GO

pour plus d'informations, consultez le lien suivant:

https://blog.sqlauthority.com/2009/01/30/sql-server-2008-2005-rebuild-every-index-of-all-tables-of-database-rebuild-index-with- facteur de remplissage /

et si vous souhaitez vérifier la fragmentation d'index sur les index d'une base de données, essayez le script suivant:

SELECT dbschemas.[name] as 'Schema',
dbtables.[name] as 'Table',
dbindexes.[name] as 'Index',
indexstats.avg_fragmentation_in_percent,
indexstats.page_count
FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats (DB_ID(), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL) AS indexstats
INNER JOIN sys.tables dbtables on dbtables.[object_id] = indexstats.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.schemas dbschemas on dbtables.[schema_id] = dbschemas.[schema_id]
INNER JOIN sys.indexes AS dbindexes ON dbindexes.[object_id] = indexstats.[object_id]
AND indexstats.index_id = dbindexes.index_id
WHERE indexstats.database_id = DB_ID() AND dbtables.[name] like '%%'
ORDER BY indexstats.avg_fragmentation_in_percent desc

Pour plus d'informations, consultez le lien suivant:

http://www.schneider-electric.com/en/faqs/FA234246/

60
Mike Darwish

Le script de Daniel semble être une bonne solution globale, mais même il a admis que son ordinateur portable était à court de mémoire. Voici une option que je suis venu avec. J'ai basé ma procédure sur poste de Mohammad Nizamuddin sur TechNet. J'ai ajouté une boucle de curseur initiale qui extrait tous les noms de bases de données dans une table temporaire, puis l'utilise pour extraire tous les noms de tables de base de chacune de ces bases de données.

Vous pouvez éventuellement passer le facteur de remplissage que vous préférez et spécifier une base de données cible si vous ne souhaitez pas réindexer toutes les bases de données.


--===============================================================
-- Name:  sp_RebuildAllIndexes
-- Arguements:  [Fill Factor], [Target Database name]
-- Purpose:  Loop through all the databases on a server and
--           compile a list of all the table within them.
--           This list is then used to rebuild indexes for
--           all the tables in all the database.  Optionally,
--           you may pass a specific database name if you only
--           want to reindex that target database.
--================================================================
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_RebuildAllIndexes(
    @FillFactor     INT = 90,
    @TargetDatabase NVARCHAR(100) = NULL)
AS
    BEGIN
        DECLARE @TablesToReIndex TABLE (
            TableName VARCHAR(200)
        );
        DECLARE @DbName VARCHAR(50);
        DECLARE @TableSelect VARCHAR(MAX);
        DECLARE @DatabasesToIndex CURSOR;

        IF ISNULL( @TargetDatabase, '' ) = ''
          SET @DatabasesToIndex = CURSOR
          FOR SELECT NAME
              FROM   master..sysdatabases
        ELSE
          SET @DatabasesToIndex = CURSOR
          FOR SELECT NAME
              FROM   master..sysdatabases
              WHERE  NAME = @TargetDatabase

        OPEN DatabasesToIndex

        FETCH NEXT FROM DatabasesToIndex INTO @DbName

        WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
            BEGIN
                SET @TableSelect = 'INSERT INTO @TablesToReIndex SELECT CONCAT(TABLE_CATALOG, ''.'', TABLE_SCHEMA, ''.'', TABLE_NAME) AS TableName FROM '
                                   + @DbName
                                   + '.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_TYPE = ''base table''';

                EXEC sp_executesql
                    @TableSelect;

                FETCH NEXT FROM DatabasesToIndex INTO @DbName
            END

        CLOSE DatabasesToIndex

        DEALLOCATE DatabasesToIndex

        DECLARE @TableName VARCHAR(255)
        DECLARE TableCursor CURSOR FOR
            SELECT TableName
            FROM   @TablesToReIndex

        OPEN TableCursor

        FETCH NEXT FROM TableCursor INTO @TableName

        WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
            BEGIN
                DBCC DBREINDEX(@TableName, ' ', @FillFactor)

                FETCH NEXT FROM TableCursor INTO @TableName
            END

        CLOSE TableCursor

        DEALLOCATE TableCursor
    END 
2
Erik Bartlow

Remplacez "VOTRE NOM DE BASE DE DONNEES" dans la requête ci-dessous.

    DECLARE @Database NVARCHAR(255)   
    DECLARE @Table NVARCHAR(255)  
    DECLARE @cmd NVARCHAR(1000)  

    DECLARE DatabaseCursor CURSOR READ_ONLY FOR  
    SELECT name FROM master.sys.databases   
    WHERE name IN ('YOUR DATABASE NAME')  -- databases
    AND state = 0 -- database is online
    AND is_in_standby = 0 -- database is not read only for log shipping
    ORDER BY 1  

    OPEN DatabaseCursor  

    FETCH NEXT FROM DatabaseCursor INTO @Database  
    WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0  
    BEGIN  

       SET @cmd = 'DECLARE TableCursor CURSOR READ_ONLY FOR SELECT ''['' + table_catalog + ''].['' + table_schema + ''].['' +  
       table_name + '']'' as tableName FROM [' + @Database + '].INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE table_type = ''BASE TABLE'''   

       -- create table cursor  
       EXEC (@cmd)  
       OPEN TableCursor   

       FETCH NEXT FROM TableCursor INTO @Table   
       WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0   
       BEGIN
          BEGIN TRY   
             SET @cmd = 'ALTER INDEX ALL ON ' + @Table + ' REBUILD' 
             PRINT @cmd -- uncomment if you want to see commands
             EXEC (@cmd) 
          END TRY
          BEGIN CATCH
             PRINT '---'
             PRINT @cmd
             PRINT ERROR_MESSAGE() 
             PRINT '---'
          END CATCH

          FETCH NEXT FROM TableCursor INTO @Table   
       END   

       CLOSE TableCursor   
       DEALLOCATE TableCursor  

       FETCH NEXT FROM DatabaseCursor INTO @Database  
    END  
    CLOSE DatabaseCursor   
    DEALLOCATE DatabaseCursor
1
Hainan.Z

Également un bon script, bien que mon ordinateur portable manque de mémoire, mais c'était sur une très grande table

https://basitaalishan.com/2014/02/23/rebuild-all-indexes-on-all-tables-in-the-sql-server-database/

USE [<mydatabasename>]
Go

--/* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
--Arguments             Data Type               Description
--------------          ------------            ------------
--@FillFactor           [int]                   Specifies a percentage that indicates how full the Database Engine should make the leaf level
--                                              of each index page during index creation or alteration. The valid inputs for this parameter
--                                              must be an integer value from 1 to 100 The default is 0.
--                                              For more information, see http://technet.Microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms177459.aspx.

--@PadIndex             [varchar](3)            Specifies index padding. The PAD_INDEX option is useful only when FILLFACTOR is specified,
--                                              because PAD_INDEX uses the percentage specified by FILLFACTOR. If the percentage specified
--                                              for FILLFACTOR is not large enough to allow for one row, the Database Engine internally
--                                              overrides the percentage to allow for the minimum. The number of rows on an intermediate
--                                              index page is never less than two, regardless of how low the value of fillfactor. The valid
--                                              inputs for this parameter are ON or OFF. The default is OFF.
--                                              For more information, see http://technet.Microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms188783.aspx.

--@SortInTempDB         [varchar](3)            Specifies whether to store temporary sort results in tempdb. The valid inputs for this
--                                              parameter are ON or OFF. The default is OFF.
--                                              For more information, see http://technet.Microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms188281.aspx.

--@OnlineRebuild        [varchar](3)            Specifies whether underlying tables and associated indexes are available for queries and data
--                                              modification during the index operation. The valid inputs for this parameter are ON or OFF.
--                                              The default is OFF.
--                                              Note: Online index operations are only available in Enterprise edition of Microsoft
--                                                      SQL Server 2005 and above.
--                                              For more information, see http://technet.Microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms191261.aspx.

--@DataCompression      [varchar](4)            Specifies the data compression option for the specified index, partition number, or range of
--                                              partitions. The options  for this parameter are as follows:
--                                                  > NONE - Index or specified partitions are not compressed.
--                                                  > ROW  - Index or specified partitions are compressed by using row compression.
--                                                  > PAGE - Index or specified partitions are compressed by using page compression.
--                                              The default is NONE.
--                                              Note: Data compression feature is only available in Enterprise edition of Microsoft
--                                                      SQL Server 2005 and above.
--                                              For more information about compression, see http://technet.Microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc280449.aspx.

--@MaxDOP               [int]                   Overrides the max degree of parallelism configuration option for the duration of the index
--                                              operation. The valid input for this parameter can be between 0 and 64, but should not exceed
--                                              number of processors available to SQL Server.
--                                              For more information, see http://technet.Microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms189094.aspx.
--- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -*/

-- Ensure a USE <databasename> statement has been executed first.

SET NOCOUNT ON;

DECLARE  @Version                           [numeric] (18, 10)
        ,@SQLStatementID                    [int]
        ,@CurrentTSQLToExecute              [nvarchar](max)
        ,@FillFactor                        [int]        = 100 -- Change if needed
        ,@PadIndex                          [varchar](3) = N'OFF' -- Change if needed
        ,@SortInTempDB                      [varchar](3) = N'OFF' -- Change if needed
        ,@OnlineRebuild                     [varchar](3) = N'OFF' -- Change if needed
        ,@LOBCompaction                     [varchar](3) = N'ON' -- Change if needed
        ,@DataCompression                   [varchar](4) = N'NONE' -- Change if needed
        ,@MaxDOP                            [int]        = NULL -- Change if needed
        ,@IncludeDataCompressionArgument    [char](1);

IF OBJECT_ID(N'TempDb.dbo.#Work_To_Do') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #Work_To_Do
CREATE TABLE #Work_To_Do
    (
      [sql_id] [int] IDENTITY(1, 1)
                     PRIMARY KEY ,
      [tsql_text] [varchar](1024) ,
      [completed] [bit]
    )

SET @Version = CAST(LEFT(CAST(SERVERPROPERTY(N'ProductVersion') AS [nvarchar](128)), CHARINDEX('.', CAST(SERVERPROPERTY(N'ProductVersion') AS [nvarchar](128))) - 1) + N'.' + REPLACE(RIGHT(CAST(SERVERPROPERTY(N'ProductVersion') AS [nvarchar](128)), LEN(CAST(SERVERPROPERTY(N'ProductVersion') AS [nvarchar](128))) - CHARINDEX('.', CAST(SERVERPROPERTY(N'ProductVersion') AS [nvarchar](128)))), N'.', N'') AS [numeric](18, 10))

IF @DataCompression IN (N'PAGE', N'ROW', N'NONE')
    AND (
        @Version >= 10.0
        AND SERVERPROPERTY(N'EngineEdition') = 3
        )
BEGIN
    SET @IncludeDataCompressionArgument = N'Y'
END

IF @IncludeDataCompressionArgument IS NULL
BEGIN
    SET @IncludeDataCompressionArgument = N'N'
END

INSERT INTO #Work_To_Do ([tsql_text], [completed])
SELECT 'ALTER INDEX [' + i.[name] + '] ON' + SPACE(1) + QUOTENAME(t2.[TABLE_CATALOG]) + '.' + QUOTENAME(t2.[TABLE_SCHEMA]) + '.' + QUOTENAME(t2.[TABLE_NAME]) + SPACE(1) + 'REBUILD WITH (' + SPACE(1) + + CASE
        WHEN @PadIndex IS NULL
            THEN 'PAD_INDEX =' + SPACE(1) + CASE i.[is_padded]
                    WHEN 1
                        THEN 'ON'
                    WHEN 0
                        THEN 'OFF'
                    END
        ELSE 'PAD_INDEX =' + SPACE(1) + @PadIndex
        END + CASE
        WHEN @FillFactor IS NULL
            THEN ', FILLFACTOR =' + SPACE(1) + CONVERT([varchar](3), REPLACE(i.[fill_factor], 0, 100))
        ELSE ', FILLFACTOR =' + SPACE(1) + CONVERT([varchar](3), @FillFactor)
        END + CASE
        WHEN @SortInTempDB IS NULL
            THEN ''
        ELSE ', SORT_IN_TEMPDB =' + SPACE(1) + @SortInTempDB
        END + CASE
        WHEN @OnlineRebuild IS NULL
            THEN ''
        ELSE ', ONLINE =' + SPACE(1) + @OnlineRebuild
        END + ', STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE =' + SPACE(1) + CASE st.[no_recompute]
        WHEN 0
            THEN 'OFF'
        WHEN 1
            THEN 'ON'
        END + ', ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS =' + SPACE(1) + CASE i.[allow_row_locks]
        WHEN 0
            THEN 'OFF'
        WHEN 1
            THEN 'ON'
        END + ', ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS =' + SPACE(1) + CASE i.[allow_page_locks]
        WHEN 0
            THEN 'OFF'
        WHEN 1
            THEN 'ON'
        END + CASE
        WHEN @IncludeDataCompressionArgument = N'Y'
            THEN CASE
                    WHEN @DataCompression IS NULL
                        THEN ''
                    ELSE ', DATA_COMPRESSION =' + SPACE(1) + @DataCompression
                    END
        ELSE ''
        END + CASE
        WHEN @MaxDop IS NULL
            THEN ''
        ELSE ', MAXDOP =' + SPACE(1) + CONVERT([varchar](2), @MaxDOP)
        END + SPACE(1) + ')'
    ,0
FROM [sys].[tables] t1
INNER JOIN [sys].[indexes] i ON t1.[object_id] = i.[object_id]
    AND i.[index_id] > 0
    AND i.[type] IN (1, 2)
INNER JOIN [INFORMATION_SCHEMA].[TABLES] t2 ON t1.[name] = t2.[TABLE_NAME]
    AND t2.[TABLE_TYPE] = 'BASE TABLE'
INNER JOIN [sys].[stats] AS st WITH (NOLOCK) ON st.[object_id] = t1.[object_id]
    AND st.[name] = i.[name]

SELECT @SQLStatementID = MIN([sql_id])
FROM #Work_To_Do
WHERE [completed] = 0

WHILE @SQLStatementID IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    SELECT @CurrentTSQLToExecute = [tsql_text]
    FROM #Work_To_Do
    WHERE [sql_id] = @SQLStatementID

    PRINT @CurrentTSQLToExecute

    EXEC [sys].[sp_executesql] @CurrentTSQLToExecute

    UPDATE #Work_To_Do
    SET [completed] = 1
    WHERE [sql_id] = @SQLStatementID

    SELECT @SQLStatementID = MIN([sql_id])
    FROM #Work_To_Do
    WHERE [completed] = 0
END
1
Daniël Tulp
DECLARE @String NVARCHAR(MAX);
USE Databse Name;
SELECT @String
    =
(
    SELECT 'ALTER INDEX [' + dbindexes.[name] + '] ON [' + db.name + '].[' + dbschemas.[name] + '].[' + dbtables.[name]
           + '] REBUILD PARTITION = ALL WITH (DATA_COMPRESSION = PAGE);' + CHAR(10) AS [text()]
    FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(DB_ID(), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL) AS indexstats
        INNER JOIN sys.tables dbtables
            ON dbtables.[object_id] = indexstats.[object_id]
        INNER JOIN sys.schemas dbschemas
            ON dbtables.[schema_id] = dbschemas.[schema_id]
        INNER JOIN sys.indexes AS dbindexes
            ON dbindexes.[object_id] = indexstats.[object_id]
               AND indexstats.index_id = dbindexes.index_id
        INNER JOIN sys.databases AS db
            ON db.database_id = indexstats.database_id
    WHERE dbindexes.name IS NOT NULL
          AND indexstats.database_id = DB_ID()
          AND indexstats.avg_fragmentation_in_percent >= 10
    ORDER BY indexstats.page_count DESC
    FOR XML PATH('')
);
EXEC (@String);
1
Mohammad Nozaime