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La règle de la webcam Udev est lue mais pas respectée?

J'ai deux webcams USB sur leur ordinateur, mais au démarrage, ils changent parfois de numéro /dev/video. La solution à ce problème semble être la création d'une nouvelle règle udev. J'ai ajouté cette règle dans
/etc/udev/rules.d/jj-video.rules:

Fix webcam 1

KERNEL=="video1", SUBSYSTEM=="video4linux", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="1d6b", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0001", SYMLINK+="webcam1"

Fix webcam 2

KERNEL=="video2", SUBSYSTEM=="video4linux", ATTR{name}=="Logitech QuickCam Pro 3000", KERNELS=="0000:00:1d.0", SUBSYSTEMS=="pci", DRIVERS=="uhci_hcd", ATTRS{vendor}=="0x8086", ATTRS##{device}=="0x2658", SYMLINK+="webcam2"

mais les liens symboliques webcam ne sont pas créés. J'ai essayé beaucoup de combinaisons différentes dans ce fichier. Les présentes ne sont que mes dernières tentatives.

J'ai trouvé les paramètres dans:

jjk@eee-old:~$ udevadm info -a -p $(udevadm info -q path -p /class/video4linux/video1)

Les informations sur Udevadm commencent par le périphérique spécifié par le devpath, puis parcourent la chaîne de périphériques parents. Il imprime pour chaque périphérique trouvé, tous les attributs possibles au format de clé de règles udev. Une règle à faire correspondre peut être composée par les attributs du périphérique et les attributs d'un seul périphérique parent.

 looking at device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-2/2-2:1.0/video4linux/video1':
    KERNEL=="video1"
    SUBSYSTEM=="video4linux"
    DRIVER==""
    ATTR{name}=="Logitech QuickCam Pro 3000"
    ATTR{index}=="0"
    ATTR{button}=="0"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-2/2-2:1.0':
    KERNELS=="2-2:1.0"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
    DRIVERS=="Philips webcam"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceNumber}=="00"
    ATTRS{bAlternateSetting}==" 9"
    ATTRS{bNumEndpoints}=="02"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceClass}=="0a"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceSubClass}=="ff"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceProtocol}=="00"
    ATTRS{supports_autosuspend}=="0"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-2':
    KERNELS=="2-2"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
    DRIVERS=="usb"
    ATTRS{configuration}==""
    ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 3"
    ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
    ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="a0"
    ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="500mA"
    ATTRS{urbnum}=="371076"
    ATTRS{idVendor}=="046d"
    ATTRS{idProduct}=="08b0"
    ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0002"
    ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="00"
    ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
    ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="00"
    ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
    ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="8"
    ATTRS{speed}=="12"
    ATTRS{busnum}=="2"
    ATTRS{devnum}=="2"
    ATTRS{devpath}=="2"
    ATTRS{version}==" 1.10"
    ATTRS{maxchild}=="0"
    ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
    ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
    ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
    ATTRS{serial}=="01402100A5000000"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2':
    KERNELS=="usb2"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
    DRIVERS=="usb"
    ATTRS{configuration}==""
    ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 1"
    ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
    ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="e0"
    ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="  0mA"
    ATTRS{urbnum}=="34"
    ATTRS{idVendor}=="1d6b"
    ATTRS{idProduct}=="0001"
    ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0302"
    ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="09"
    ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
    ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="00"
    ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
    ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
    ATTRS{speed}=="12"
    ATTRS{busnum}=="2"
    ATTRS{devnum}=="1"
    ATTRS{devpath}=="0"
    ATTRS{version}==" 1.10"
    ATTRS{maxchild}=="2"
    ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
    ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
    ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
    ATTRS{manufacturer}=="Linux 3.2.0-29-generic uhci_hcd"
    ATTRS{product}=="UHCI Host Controller"
    ATTRS{serial}=="0000:00:1d.0"
    ATTRS{authorized_default}=="1"

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0':
    KERNELS=="0000:00:1d.0"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="pci"
    DRIVERS=="uhci_hcd"
    ATTRS{vendor}=="0x8086"
    ATTRS{device}=="0x2658"
    ATTRS{subsystem_vendor}=="0x1043"
    ATTRS{subsystem_device}=="0x82d8"
    ATTRS{class}=="0x0c0300"
    ATTRS{irq}=="23"
    ATTRS{local_cpus}=="ff"
    ATTRS{local_cpulist}=="0-7"
    ATTRS{dma_mask_bits}=="32"
    ATTRS{consistent_dma_mask_bits}=="32"
    ATTRS{broken_parity_status}=="0"
    ATTRS{msi_bus}==""

  looking at parent device '/devices/pci0000:00':
    KERNELS=="pci0000:00"
    SUBSYSTEMS==""
    DRIVERS==""

jjk@eee-old:~$

Et testé la configuration:

Sudo udevadm --debug test /sys/class/video4linux/video1

main: runtime dir '/run/udev'
run_command: calling: test
adm_test: version 175
This program is for debugging only, it does not run any program,
specified by a RUN key. It may show incorrect results, because
some values may be different, or not available at a simulation run.

parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/40-crda.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/40-Fuse.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/40-gnupg.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/40-hplip.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/40-ia64.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/40-inputattach.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/40-libgphoto2-2.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/40-libsane.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/40-ppc.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/40-usb_modeswitch.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/40-xserver-xorg-video-intel.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/42-qemu-usb.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/50-firmware.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/50-udev-default.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/55-dm.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/56-hpmud_support.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/60-cdrom_id.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/60-pcmcia.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-alsa.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-input.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-serial.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-storage-dm.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-storage-tape.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-storage.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-v4l.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/61-accelerometer.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/64-xorg-xkb.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/66-xorg-synaptics-quirks.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/69-cd-sensors.rules' as rules file
add_rule: IMPORT found builtin 'usb_id', replacing /lib/udev/rules.d/69-cd-sensors.rules:76
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/69-libmtp.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/69-xorg-vmmouse.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/69-xserver-xorg-input-wacom.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-cd.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/70-printers.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/70-udev-acl.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/75-cd-aliases-generator.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/75-net-description.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/75-persistent-net-generator.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/75-probe_mtd.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/75-tty-description.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-ericsson-mbm.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-longcheer-port-types.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-nokia-port-types.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-pcmcia-device-blacklist.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-platform-serial-whitelist.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-qdl-device-blacklist.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-simtech-port-types.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-usb-device-blacklist.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-x22x-port-types.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/77-mm-zte-port-types.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/77-nm-olpc-mesh.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/78-graphics-card.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/78-sound-card.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/80-drivers.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/80-mm-candidate.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/80-udisks.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/85-brltty.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/85-hdparm.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/85-hplj10xx.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/85-keyboard-configuration.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/85-regulatory.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/85-usbmuxd.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/90-alsa-restore.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/90-alsa-ucm.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/90-libgpod.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/90-pulseaudio.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/95-cd-devices.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/95-keyboard-force-release.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/95-keymap.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/95-udev-late.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/95-upower-battery-recall-Dell.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/95-upower-battery-recall-fujitsu.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/95-upower-battery-recall-gateway.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/95-upower-battery-recall-ibm.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/95-upower-battery-recall-lenovo.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/95-upower-battery-recall-Toshiba.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/95-upower-csr.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/95-upower-hid.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/95-upower-wup.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/lib/udev/rules.d/97-bluetooth-hid2hci.rules' as rules file
parse_file: reading '/etc/udev/rules.d/jj-video.rules' as rules file
udev_rules_new: rules use 259284 bytes tokens (21607 * 12 bytes), 37913 bytes buffer
udev_rules_new: temporary index used 67520 bytes (3376 * 20 bytes)
udev_device_new_from_syspath: device 0x215103e0 has devpath '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-2/2-2:1.0/video4linux/video1'
udev_device_new_from_syspath: device 0x21510758 has devpath '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-2/2-2:1.0/video4linux/video1'
udev_device_read_db: device 0x21510758 filled with db file data
udev_device_new_from_syspath: device 0x21510e10 has devpath '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-2/2-2:1.0'
udev_device_new_from_syspath: device 0x21511b10 has devpath '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-2'
udev_device_new_from_syspath: device 0x215132f8 has devpath '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2'
udev_device_new_from_syspath: device 0x21513650 has devpath '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0'
udev_device_new_from_syspath: device 0x21513980 has devpath '/devices/pci0000:00'
udev_rules_apply_to_event: GROUP 44 /lib/udev/rules.d/50-udev-default.rules:29
udev_rules_apply_to_event: IMPORT 'v4l_id /dev/video1' /lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-v4l.rules:7
udev_event_spawn: starting 'v4l_id /dev/video1'
spawn_read: 'v4l_id /dev/video1'(out) 'ID_V4L_VERSION=2'
spawn_read: 'v4l_id /dev/video1'(out) 'ID_V4L_PRODUCT=Logitech QuickCam Pro 3000'
spawn_read: 'v4l_id /dev/video1'(out) 'ID_V4L_CAPABILITIES=:capture:'
spawn_wait: 'v4l_id /dev/video1' [2609] exit with return code 0
udev_rules_apply_to_event: IMPORT builtin 'usb_id' /lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-v4l.rules:9
builtin_usb_id: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-2/2-2:1.0: if_class 10 protocol 0
udev_builtin_add_property: ID_VENDOR=046d
udev_builtin_add_property: ID_VENDOR_ENC=046d
udev_builtin_add_property: ID_VENDOR_ID=046d
udev_builtin_add_property: ID_MODEL=08b0
udev_builtin_add_property: ID_MODEL_ENC=08b0
udev_builtin_add_property: ID_MODEL_ID=08b0
udev_builtin_add_property: ID_REVISION=0002
udev_builtin_add_property: ID_SERIAL=046d_08b0_01402100A5000000
udev_builtin_add_property: ID_SERIAL_SHORT=01402100A5000000
udev_builtin_add_property: ID_TYPE=generic
udev_builtin_add_property: ID_BUS=usb
udev_builtin_add_property: ID_USB_INTERFACES=:0aff00:010100:010200:
udev_builtin_add_property: ID_USB_INTERFACE_NUM=00
udev_builtin_add_property: ID_USB_DRIVER=Philips webcam
udev_rules_apply_to_event: LINK 'v4l/by-id/usb-046d_08b0_01402100A5000000-video-index0' /lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-v4l.rules:10
udev_rules_apply_to_event: IMPORT builtin 'path_id' /lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-v4l.rules:16
udev_builtin_add_property: ID_PATH=pci-0000:00:1d.0-usb-0:2:1.0
udev_builtin_add_property: ID_PATH_TAG=pci-0000_00_1d_0-usb-0_2_1_0
udev_rules_apply_to_event: LINK 'v4l/by-path/pci-0000:00:1d.0-usb-0:2:1.0-video-index0' /lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-v4l.rules:17
udev_rules_apply_to_event: RUN 'udev-acl --action=$env{ACTION} --device=$env{DEVNAME}' /lib/udev/rules.d/70-udev-acl.rules:74
udev_rules_apply_to_event: LINK 'webcam1' /etc/udev/rules.d/jj-video.rules:2
udev_event_execute_rules: no node name set, will use kernel supplied name 'video1'
udev_node_add: creating device node '/dev/video1', devnum=81:1, mode=0660, uid=0, gid=44
udev_node_mknod: preserve file '/dev/video1', because it has correct dev_t
udev_node_mknod: preserve permissions /dev/video1, 020660, uid=0, gid=44
node_symlink: preserve already existing symlink '/dev/char/81:1' to '../video1'
link_find_prioritized: found 'c81:2' claiming '/run/udev/links/v4l\x2fby-id\x2fusb-046d_08b0_01402100A5000000-video-index0'
udev_device_new_from_syspath: device 0x21516748 has devpath '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.1/usb3/3-2/3-2:1.0/video4linux/video2'
udev_device_read_db: device 0x21516748 filled with db file data
link_find_prioritized: found 'c81:1' claiming '/run/udev/links/v4l\x2fby-id\x2fusb-046d_08b0_01402100A5000000-video-index0'
link_update: creating link '/dev/v4l/by-id/usb-046d_08b0_01402100A5000000-video-index0' to '/dev/video1'
node_symlink: atomically replace '/dev/v4l/by-id/usb-046d_08b0_01402100A5000000-video-index0'
link_find_prioritized: found 'c81:1' claiming '/run/udev/links/v4l\x2fby-path\x2fpci-0000:00:1d.0-usb-0:2:1.0-video-index0'
link_update: creating link '/dev/v4l/by-path/pci-0000:00:1d.0-usb-0:2:1.0-video-index0' to '/dev/video1'
node_symlink: preserve already existing symlink '/dev/v4l/by-path/pci-0000:00:1d.0-usb-0:2:1.0-video-index0' to '../../video1'
link_find_prioritized: found 'c81:1' claiming '/run/udev/links/webcam1'
link_update: creating link '/dev/webcam1' to '/dev/video1'
node_symlink: preserve already existing symlink '/dev/webcam1' to 'video1'
udev_device_update_db: created db file '/run/udev/data/c81:1' for '/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-2/2-2:1.0/video4linux/video1'
ACTION=add
COLORD_DEVICE=1
COLORD_KIND=camera
DEVLINKS=/dev/v4l/by-id/usb-046d_08b0_01402100A5000000-video-index0 /dev/v4l/by-path/pci-0000:00:1d.0-usb-0:2:1.0-video-index0 /dev/webcam1
DEVNAME=/dev/video1
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-2/2-2:1.0/video4linux/video1
ID_BUS=usb
ID_MODEL=08b0
ID_MODEL_ENC=08b0
ID_MODEL_ID=08b0
ID_PATH=pci-0000:00:1d.0-usb-0:2:1.0
ID_PATH_TAG=pci-0000_00_1d_0-usb-0_2_1_0
ID_REVISION=0002
ID_SERIAL=046d_08b0_01402100A5000000
ID_SERIAL_SHORT=01402100A5000000
ID_TYPE=generic
ID_USB_DRIVER=Philips webcam
ID_USB_INTERFACES=:0aff00:010100:010200:
ID_USB_INTERFACE_NUM=00
ID_V4L_CAPABILITIES=:capture:
ID_V4L_PRODUCT=Logitech QuickCam Pro 3000
ID_V4L_VERSION=2
ID_VENDOR=046d
ID_VENDOR_ENC=046d
ID_VENDOR_ID=046d
MAJOR=81
MINOR=1
SUBSYSTEM=video4linux
TAGS=:udev-acl:
UDEV_LOG=6
USEC_INITIALIZED=18213768
run: 'udev-acl --action=add --device=/dev/video1'
jjk@eee-old:~$

(et en conséquence pour video2)

Il me semble que mes règles sont lues mais non respectées. Qu'est-ce que je fais mal?

webcamudev
8
user89305

On dirait que vous avez deux problèmes.

Le premier est un problème de commande. En lisant la page de manuel kernel.org sur udev , il est mentionné:

Tous les fichiers de règles sont ... traités dans l'ordre lexical

Les règles de signification sont traitées dans l'ordre alphabétique. La première règle qui se déclenche pour un périphérique crée le fichier de périphérique. Il semble que vous ayez nommé votre fichier de règles jj-video.rules. Si vous regardez le résultat que vous avez fourni de udevadm --debug test, vous constaterez que ce fichier est analysé EN DERNIER de tous les fichiers de règles de votre système.

Essayez de renommer votre fichier 00-jj-video.rules. Cela devrait le placer en premier dans la liste des règles udev, et le déclencher avant les autres règles.

Le deuxième problème concerne les règles elles-mêmes. Les règles indiquent que vous essayez de créer /dev/webcam2 lorsque la Logitech QuickCam Pro 3000 est branchée et lorsque le noyau la met sur /dev/video2. D'après ce que vous avez dit, vous ne voulez pas faire correspondre le nom de l'appareil. Un autre problème est que vous n'utilisez pas toujours la notation hexadécimale dans votre ATTRS.

Cette règle devrait fonctionner pour Logitech QuickCam Pro 3000, en fonction des informations fournies dans la question:

SUBSYSTEM=="video4linux", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0x046d", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0x08b0", SYMLINK+="webcam2"

Ce qui suit peut fonctionner pour l’autre webcam. Je ne peux pas en être sûr, car vous n'avez pas fourni d'informations complètes à ce sujet:

SUBSYSTEM=="video4linux", SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0x1d6b", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0x0001", SYMLINK+="webcam1"

Le tutoriel le plus utile que j'ai trouvé sur l'écriture de règles udev est http://www.reactivated.net/writing_udev_rules.html .

10
Cliff